66 Amazing Facts about Azerbaijan

Last updated on March 7th, 2022

About Azerbaijan’s: culture, tradition, and heritage

45. Music is life: Music is an integral part of the lives of the local people. Mugham is one such folk musical composition from Azerbaijan.

46. Famous carpets: Azerbaijan is also famous for its age old carpets that are in great demand throughout the world. Mostly women are involved in weaving these carpets that represent the country’s artistic sensibilities and ability to bring together various symbols and shapes with natural colors.

47. Art and artifacts: Azerbaijanis make rich art decorative pieces from wood, silk, metal, and ceramic. These art pieces adorn the museums all over the world.

48. Museum for carpets: The country also has a carpet museum in Baku. The museum which opened in 2014 has an appearance like that of a giant rolled-up rug.

carpet museum in Baku. Azerbaijan fact file
A view of the carpet museum in Baku. Image credit – Francisco Anzola

49. They have a crochet contest – Seven Beauties tournament. The winner of the contest is the one who knits the best pair in the given time.

50. Architecture in Baku: Baku is a city of skyscrapers and appeals to international audiences.

51. The national language: Azerbaijani, the national language of Azerbaijan, is spoken by the 20 million Azerbaijanis living in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

52. A man-made waterway flows through Baku between shops, restaurants and other places of entertainment.

53. After Azeri, Russian is the second most spoken language in Azerbaijan. English is not widely spoken.

54. Pollution is a problem: Azerbaijan is among the top 50 countries in the world with the highest level of carbon dioxide emissions. China tops the list with the United States at the second position.

55. World’s biggest KFC: Baku, Azerbaijan is home to the world’s largest KFC. KFC has more than 18,875 franchises in 118 countries. The fast food chain was founded in 1930.

Azerbaijan facts: the World's largest KFC restaurant
A view of the world’s largest KFC restaurant. Image credit – Francisco Anzola

56. Oil is economy: Oil reserves in Azerbaijan are expected to be worth trillions of dollars.

57. A 1,100-mile oil pipeline from Baku (Azerbaijan’s capital) to Ceyhan (southern Turkey) was built between 2002 and 2006.

Mud volcanoes in Azerbaijan [World Famous]

58. Azerbaijan is home to the largest concentration of mud volcanoes. They have in fact four hundred of these of a thousand mud volcanoes that are known to exist in the world.

facts about Azerbaijan: a mud volcano in Baku
A bubbling vent on top of a mud volcano south of Baku, Azerbaijan. Image credit – Mark Ireland

59. As opposed to usual volcanoes that spew lava, mud volcanoes can be very cold, just near freezing.

60. In 2001, Azerbaijan experienced eruption of a mud volcano which was almost 300 m tall (height of explosion) and spewed lots of mud surrounded by dense, black smoke; which was visible from 15 km away.

61. Azerbaijan is also home of the two largest mud volcanoes in the world – Boyuk Khanizadagh and Turaghai.

62. Mud volcanoes are also known as “sedimentary volcanoes”. They can have a maximum diameter of around 10 kilometers and a maximum height of 700 meters.

63. One of a kind museum: The country also boasts the world’s only miniature book museum. The museum also has a miniature copy of the Holy Quran from the 17th century. It was opened in 2002 by Zarifa Salahova.

64. A house made of bottles: A house in Azerbaijan is made entirely out of thousands of glass bottles.

65. An ever-burning wall of fire: Azerbaijan has a 10 m long wall of fire that is expected to be burning since 1950. Azerbaijan has enormous gas reserves, which is supplementing the fire from within. The firewall is also a place of tourist attraction. These mysterious flames were first spotted by Marco Polo when he first visited the region in the 13th century.

66. A burning spring: Azerbaijan also has a burning spring (Yanar Bulag) in the city of Astara in southern Azerbaijan. The water originating from the spring has unique high Methane content which sets it to fire when ignited. Locals believe that the spring has some remedial properties as well.

Azerbaijan – the country at a glance

Independence30 August 1991 (declared from the Soviet Union); 18 October 1991 (adopted by the Supreme Council of Azerbaijan)
Capital CityBaku
(40°25′N 49°50′E)
Largest CityBaku
(40°25′N 49°50′E)
Areatotal: 86,600 sq km
land: 82,629 sq km
water: 3,971 sq km
Population10,353,296 (2022 est.)
Suffrage18 years of age; universal
DemonymAzerbaijani
Official LanguageAzerbaijani or also referred as Azeri
Languages spokenRussian and Azeri
BordersGeorgia, Russia, Iran, Armenia and Turkey
Government typepresidential republic
PresidentIlham Aliyev
Vice PresidentMehriban Aliyeva
National symbolflames of fire
National colorsblue, red, green
CurrencyManat (₼) (AZN)
Literacy99.8% (2019)
ReligionIslam
Life expectancy at birth74.15 Years (est. 2022)
National Anthem"Azerbaijan Marsi" (March of Azerbaijan)
Terrainlarge, flat Kur-Araz Ovaligi (Kura-Araks Lowland, much of it below sea level) with Great Caucasus Mountains to the north, Qarabag Yaylasi (Karabakh Upland) to the west; Baku lies on Abseron Yasaqligi (Apsheron Peninsula) that juts into Caspian Sea
Mean elevation384 m
Lowest pointCaspian Sea -28 m
Highest pointBazarduzu Dagi 4,466 m
Climatedry, semiarid steppe
Natural resourcespetroleum, natural gas, iron ore, nonferrous metals, bauxite
Agricultural land57.6%
Birth rate13.59 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate6.92 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Sex ratio0.98 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
Industriespetroleum and petroleum products, natural gas, oilfield equipment; steel, iron ore; cement; chemicals and petrochemicals; textiles
Exports$15.21 billion (2020 est.)
crude petroleum, natural gas, refined petroleum, tomatoes, gold (2019)
Imports$15.54 billion (2020 est.)
gold, cars, refined petroleum, wheat, packaged medical supplies (2019)
GDP - per capita (PPP)$13,700 (2020 est.)
Internet country code.az
Time ZoneAZT (UTC+04)
Calling Code+994
Drives on theRight
Table last updatedJuly 26, 2022